
辩证行为治疗(DBT)

Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) is a type of psychotherapy developed to help individuals manage intense emotions and improve relationships. It combines principles of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) with concepts of mindfulness, acceptance, and dialectics (the idea of balancing opposites). DBT teaches skills in four key areas: mindfulness (being present in the moment), distress tolerance (handling emotional pain), emotion regulation (managing and changing intense emotions), and interpersonal effectiveness (improving communication and relationships). DBT is often used to treat individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) but can be effective for other conditions, such as depression, anxiety, and self-harming behaviours. Click here for more information about DBT.
- 辩证行为疗法(DBT)是一种心理治疗形式,将认知行为疗法(CBT)的元素与正念和接受策略相结合。最初由马莎·莱宁(Dr. Marsha Linehan)博士为治疗边缘性人格障碍(BPD)而开发,DBT随后被调整应用于各种心理健康问题,特别是涉及情绪失调的情况,如抑郁症、焦虑症和进食障碍。DBT的核心原则是帮助个体接受并肯定自己的情绪,同时教授他们改变破坏性行为和调节情绪的技能。
- DBT的结构围绕四个关键模块:正念、痛苦容忍、情绪调节和人际效能。 正念 帮助个体保持当下,意识到自己的思想和情绪而不做评判。 痛苦容忍 教导管理和容忍强烈情绪的技巧,而不诉诸于有害行为。 情绪调节 涉及识别、理解和管理困难情绪的策略。 人际效能 侧重于改善沟通和人际关系技能,使个体能够在尊重他人的同时,坚定地表达自己。
- DBT的一个独特特点是其强调“辩证”的方法,在这种方法中,客户被鼓励接受当前的现实,同时也朝着改变努力。这种接纳与改变的平衡帮助个体管理情绪的动荡,而情绪动荡常常导致自我破坏性行为。DBT通常包括个别治疗、小组技能训练以及电话辅导,以支持客户在治疗过程中的间隙,使其成为一种综合治疗方法,旨在应对情绪和行为挑战的复杂性。
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